Application range
For a safe compressor operation with frequency inverter, the following limiting factors must be strictly observed:
- minimum and maximum frequency (see below)
- maximum motor temperature
- maximum discharge gas or oil temperature and/or pressure difference (pC – pO)
- maximum and minimum discharge pressure
- maximum operating current of the compressor
- maximum evaporating temperature
- minimum pressure difference (pC – pO)
- minimum suction pressure (should be slightly higher than atmospheric pressure)
- sufficient additional cooling
These limits define the application limits and can vary according to frequency ranges and operating conditions.
Speed and frequency ranges
Compressor | Frequency range (Hz) | Speed range (min-1) | Standard motor |
---|---|---|---|
Semi-hermetic reciprocating compressors | |||
Ecoline | |||
2KES .. 2FES | 30 .. 70 | 900 .. 2050 | 40S |
2EES .. 2CES | 30 .. 70 | 900 .. 2050 | 40S |
4FES .. 4BES | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40S |
4VES .. 4NES | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40P |
4VE .. 4NE | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40P |
4JE .. 4FE | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40P |
6JE .. 6FE | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40P |
Octagon SL R744 subcritical | |||
2NSL .. 2FSL | 30 .. 75 | 900 .. 2200 | 40S |
2ESL .. 2CSL | 30 .. 75 | 900 .. 2200 | 40S |
4FSL .. 4CSL | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40S |
4VSL .. 4NSL | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40P |
Ecoline ME R744 subcritical | |||
2MME .. 2FME | 30 .. 75 | 900 .. 2200 | 40S |
2EME .. 2DME | 30 .. 75 | 900 .. 2200 | 40S |
4FME(M) .. 4DME(M) | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40S |
4TME(M) .. 4PME(M) | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40P |
6TME(M) .. 6PME(M) | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40P |
8VME .. 8PME | 30 .. 60* | 900 .. 1750* | 40D |
Ecoline R744 transcritical | |||
2MTE .. 2KTE | 30 .. 75 | 900 .. 2200 | 40S |
4PTE | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40S |
4JTE(M) .. 4CTE(M) | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40P |
6FTE(M) .. 6CTE(M) | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2050 | 40P |
8FTE .. 8CTE | 30 .. 60 | 900 .. 1750 | 40D |
Ecoline+ R744 transcritical (LSPM) | |||
4PTEU | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2100 | 40S |
4JTE(M)U .. 4CTE(M)U | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2100 | 40S |
6FTE(M)U .. 6CTE(M)U | 25 .. 70 | 750 .. 2100 | 40S |
Open drive reciprocating compressors | |||
2T.2 .. 4G.2 | 750 .. 1750 | (external motor) | |
6H.2 .. 6F.2 | 900 .. 1750 | (external motor) | |
2TFR .. 2NFR | on request | (external motor) | |
4UFC .. 6NFC | on request | (external motor) |
Bitzer has developed the special series Ecoline Varispeed with integrated frequency inverter, where compressor and frequency inverter complement each other optimally (see Operating Instructions KB-100, Technical Information KT-210 and KT-220):
- Compressor 2DES-3.F1 with
frequency 30 .. 87 Hz - Compressor 4FE-5.F1 .. 4NE-20.F4 with
frequency 25 .. 87 Hz - Compressor 4PTE-7.F3K .. 4KTE-10.F4K with
frequency 25 .. 87 Hz
Design at different supply voltages and supply frequencies
If power supply deviates from standard conditions (400 V/3/50 Hz), special voltage motors and adapted frequency inverter design are required (Compressor motors). More information is available upon request.
Application limits
The following figure shows exemplarily the application limits of a reciprocating compressor operated at different frequencies and how they may change with evaporation and condensing temperature. Specific application limits for particular compressors, motors and refrigerants are given in the Bitzer Software.
Vibrations
Compressor vibrations and pressure pulsations are normally very low by design. However, they can evoke resonance frequencies in piping and heat exchangers (i.e. meet the natural frequency of the system) which result in system sound, vibration, and potentially in piping fatigue and leakage. Possible sources of vibrations are:
- pressure pulsations in the discharge gas line
- torque vibrations acting on the compressor mountings or on the flanges of line connections
- resonances with the economiser line (for screw and scroll compressors)
The frequency of these vibrations is related to the compressor operating frequency, which can vary over a wide range. Compared to single speed systems (without frequency inverter), this problem is intensified in variable speed applications: Even if the piping is adequate at a given compressor speed, it may not be so at other speeds set by the frequency inverter. For this reason, piping vibrations must be checked throughout the speed range of the compressor, both during the system design development activity and also at commissioning of each individual system (Configuration of the frequency inverter).
Data from sound measurements for each compressor is provided in the Technical Information AT-340 and in the Bitzer Software, tab "Technical data".